
American diplomat George Kennan came to a similar conclusion and became the architect of the “ containment” policy. In Churchill’s view, Soviet policies offered little chance for a successful establishment of peace in the years ahead. Truman and the State Department drifted between these two poles, searching for a key to unlock the secrets of the Kremlin and hence the appropriate U.S.

According to the second, Stalin was amenable to a structure of peace but could not be expected to loosen his hold on eastern Europe so long as the United States excluded him from, for instance, Japan. According to the first, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin was committed to limitless expansion and would only be encouraged by concessions. The Soviets having indeed quickly exerted firm control over most of the countries of eastern Europe, there were two prevalent schools of thought in the West regarding how best to engage with the U.S.S.R. As early as May 1945, when the war with Germany was hardly over, Churchill-whom the British electorate would soon replace as prime minister with Clement Attlee amid the Potsdam Conference-had foreseen that most of eastern Europe would be drawn into the Soviet sphere of influence. In the immediate aftermath of World War II, British and American leaders and political strategists were skeptical of the geopolitical ambitions of their recent ally the Soviet Union. following World War II to prevent open contact between itself and its dependent eastern and central European allies on the one hand and the West and other noncommunist regions on the other. The term “iron curtain” had been employed as a metaphor since the 19th century, but Churchill used it to refer specifically to the political, military, and ideological barrier created by the U.S.S.R. Iron Curtain speech, speech delivered by former British prime minister Winston Churchill in Fulton, Missouri, on March 5, 1946, in which he stressed the necessity for the United States and Britain to act as the guardians of peace and stability against the menace of Soviet communism, which had lowered an “ iron curtain” across Europe.
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